Zero-Emission Vehicles Barriers To Overcome Essay Example

Zero-Emission Vehicles: Barriers To Overcome Essay Zero-emission vehicles (ZEV) are vehicles that produce very little or no carbon emissions. ZEVs include battery-operated vehicles and vehicles which run on hydrogen fuel cells. In 1990, California became one of the first states to pass legislation establishing a ZEV program at the state level (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2008). Since that time, concerns over pollution, dependency on foreign oil, and other economic issues have increase interest in ZEV technology and have led other states to adopt similar policies. A measurable and meaningful shift towards ZEV, however, has not yet developed. Several barriers have prevented the implementation and consumer acceptance of ZEV technology. Overcoming these barriers will be an important challenge for policy makers and engineers in the future. Problems with infrastructure Cars, trucks, and other vehicles in the United States use either gasoline or diesel for fuel. Consequently, the fuel delivery system for the country is set up to handle these two products. Cars that use alternative fuels, including alternative fuels that are as relatively common as propane or natural gas, have a difficult time finding refueling stations. The lack of reliable refueling stations for these alternative fuels prevents the widespread user of vehicles that use alternative fuels. Owners of propane-powered cars and trucks, for example, must plan their trips and travel itineraries around the availability of fuel. This problem is increased dramatically as more exotic fuels are added to the mix. For example, while hydrogen fuel cells may provide a clean and affordable alternative to gasoline powered cars, there are currently no commercial refueling stations for hydrogen fuel cells. If the driver of such a vehicle was to try to make a trip of any reasonable distance, he or she would eventually run out of fuel and would be forced to change plans. The lack of hydrogen stations has created a veritable Catch-22 for commercial hydrogen technology. On the one hand, fuel providers are unlikely to create a distribution system for hydrogen fuel until there is a greater demand for their products. Unfortunately, the lack of a commercial hydrogen distribution system that is capable of servicing a fleet of hydrogen-powered cars has prevented any serious development of this technology. This problem will probably require some type of public-private partnership to be resolved. The government could provide support to create a hydrogen distribution network that could provide fuel for hydrogen-powered cars. Private investors could be encouraged through tax incentives and other government subsidies to develop the distribution network until such time that there are sufficient customers to support the new industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Zero-Emission Vehicles: Barriers To Overcome specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Zero-Emission Vehicles: Barriers To Overcome specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Zero-Emission Vehicles: Barriers To Overcome specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Fuel cell technology faces a similar problem. It is true that there is a highly-developed electrical energy grid that is already established in the United States. Some consumers believe that all they will have to do is simply plug their battery-powered cars into any convenient outlet to recharge their batteries. Unfortunately, this perception may not be completely accurate. While the grid is in place, the ability of that grid to support the energy needs of millions of battery powered cars is not guaranteed. It is very likely that the current energy grid might simply collapse under the additional burden of millions of drivers plugging in their cars to recharge over night. As the country switches to battery-powered vehicles, it will eventually become necessary to provide more electrical energy, either through wind, solar, or nuclear power. The addition of these extra sources, however, will still not be sufficient unless the distribution system can handle the additional load.   This w ill require an upgrade of the current energy grid to handle the increased power demands. Industry problems A similar Catch-22 exists for the automobile manufacturers. Car companies must invest millions of dollars into the research and development (RD) of new models of traditional vehicles. They do this because they are reasonably sure, based on their market research, that consumers will like their new product and that they will be rewarded for their research. Along with the usual amount of RD that is to be expected of any new model car, the development of a ZEV will require the additional expense of developing new technologies. It is unrealistic, for example, to expect a ZEV engine to propel a chassis and body type that was designed for an internal combustion engine. Not only will the automobile manufacture need to develop a new ZEV propulsion system, but the company will also have to develop a body and chassis that can work with that new engine. This will require retooling and reconfiguring existing plants and/or the construction of new manufacturing facilities that are dedicated to the production of ZEV products. This is a huge expense with an unsure payoff, at least in the short term. Car companies may have a difficult time justifying this expense at a time when they are already almost bankrupt. Once again, the solution seems to lie in a partnership between government and the private sector. Government can help car companies to develop the technology that is required to mass-produce commercially-viable ZEV products. At the same time, private investors can provide capital to create the manufacturing facilities to produce the cars. Economic barriers Increased demands for electricity (in the case of battery powered cars) will drive up the cost of electricity for other purposes. This price increase will affect all consumers, not just the consumers who happen to purchase ZEVs. Increases in prices for electricity could affect the profitability of businesses, household budgets, and governments that are required to pay the electric bills for the areas in their jurisdictions. The popularity of ZEVs could suffer if the public perceives that these vehicles are increasing fuel prices. That perception will become more dramatic if ZEVs are perceived as causing or contributing to blackouts or brownouts due to an insufficient power supply. Public Perception The problems of available alternative fuels and their distribution are real problems. They can, however, be solved, given enough time and resources that are devoted to finding a solution. These problems, however, are complicated by the public awareness of them and the perception that they will be difficult to overcome. The transition from a petroleum-powered car fleet to a nation-wide fleet of battery or hydrogen cars represents a major shift not only in technology but in the publics definition of a car. Such massive change does not come easily to people, especially to people who are used to convenient and relatively inexpensive transportation. People will have to rethink the concept of what a car is, what fuel is, and how these products are purchased and used by consumers. Americans like big cars. This attitude changed somewhat during the most recent round of gasoline price increases, but there are still millions of Americans who drive SUVs or other gas-guzzling vehicles. Americans, for the most part, think of smaller cars as somehow less secure, less safe, and less prestigious than large cars. This mentality represents a serious psychological barrier for the development of alternative fuels and the cars that will use them. Until Americans change their perception of cars and overcome this psychological barrier, it is unlikely that cars that use alternative fuels will have enough of a market demand to justify their production. It is true that Honda, Hyundai, and other automobile manufacturers have done very well with smaller cars. However, even these relatively smaller cars are still larger than the typical ZEV would need to be in order to be commercially viable. Automobile manufactures and the government will need to use a combined strategy of public e ducation and advertising to create a greater demand for these cars. Conclusion Ultimately, the United States and the other nations of the world have no choice but to switch to ZEVs or other vehicles that do not burn fossil fuels. The price surge of the summer of 2008 demonstrated how vulnerable the global economy is to fluctuations in oil prices and how easily those prices may be manipulated by small groups of individuals. There is also the problem of a finite supply of oil reserves in the world. While it will be some time before the world is out of oil, it is very likely that demand will exceed production capabilities at some time in the very near future. This gap between supply and demand will drive up prices and will make gasoline powered cars inoperable in some cases. There are also environmental considerations. The link between fossil fuels, pollution, and environmental change has been well established. This is not to say that ZEVs will not come with their own set of environmental problems, including the problem of disposing of used batteries and depleted hydrogen cells. These new problems, however, can be resolved as the technology is developed. Engineers and policy makers must address both the technical and the psychological barriers to market if ZEVs are to become commercially viable in the United States. These will be difficult challenges; yet they can be accomplished if the government and private industry are willing to work together. References Union of Concerned Scientists Union of Concerned Scientists (2008). Californias Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Program. Retrieved December 12, 2008, from http://www.ucsusa.org/clean_vehicles/solutions/advanced_vehicles_and_fuels/californias-zero-emission-3.html

Robert Browning, Fra Lippo Lippi Essay Example

Robert Browning, Fra Lippo Lippi Essay Example Robert Browning, Fra Lippo Lippi Paper Robert Browning, Fra Lippo Lippi Paper Essay Topic: Watchmen What methods does Browning use to tell the poem Fra Lippo Lippi Line 1-39? Fra Lippo Lippi was written by Robert Browning in 1855. It is about a monk who called Lippi. When he sneaks out of the church he has been stopped by the watchmens in a drunken state also getting caught going into red district. As the watchmens tell him it was such a surprise finding him here, he drunkenly tells them his story to reassure him self that whatever he is doing is not as bad as the watchmens think it is. This poem by Robert Browning is an example of dramatic monologue which is written the Monks point of view, making him the dominant and the main character. The readers know this as the monk say in line 5 here you catch me at alleys end. When a poem is written in dramatic monologue form, it involves the speaker who reveals his character unintentionally while describing particular event or situation in order to build up a true picture of the actual events that took place by studying their language, tone and structure, Browning informs the readers that this poem takes in a form of dramatic monologue as he says I am poor brother Lippi, the use of poor can suggest to the readers that he is portraying himself as innocent. Brownings use of title Fra Lippo Lippi tells the readers that this poem by Robert Browning is about a Florentine painter who has a lot of passion for art through reading the title only. All throughout this poem, Browning has used a dialogue between the monk and the watch mens to engage the readers both in artistic and sexual sense of the monk. This poem falls in the form of black verse as the lines used are not in a rhyme scheme, which is known as the iambic pentameter. Browning has used blank verse in this poem to make this poem dramatic while using a dialogue between the two characters. He has used a running motif throughout the poem as he talks about love and Italian painters such as when he mentions Saint Laurence and Lisa referring to Mona Lisa. This poem is set in the present as the drunken monk says You need not clap your torches to my face however as the readers carry on, they are shown that when the monk explains his reasons for being seen in red light district, he takes the readers back in to the past as he says I was a baby when my mother died (line 81). The poem starts off with the monk getting caught by the watchmen in the middle of the action known as in media res which is a Latin phrase. Browning shows the readers that although he was a monk, he was not committed to his religion as he got drunk and visited where sportive ladies leave their doors ajar referring to the prostitutes. The watchmens are lighting their torches on him while asking him what he is doing there. Although their speech is not written, Browning is showing us what the watchmens are saying as the monk replies to their questions Zooks, whats to blame? You think you see a monk! this shows the readers that even the watchmens are confused as to why a monk would be in this area past midnight wanting some explanation from the monk who is trying to reassure himself that whatever he is doing is nothing wrong as he says to the watchmens whats to blame? . Browning use of question marks shows the readers through monks point of view that the watchmens are accusing him of something wrong he has done as he thinks he has done nothing wrong so they shouldnt be questioning him. Browning has also used caesura to makes this poem dramatic by pausing the monks speech in the middle of the line to pause him using different form of punctuations such as comma or a dash such as when the monk says Do- Harry out, if you must show your zeal, use of commas and dash in this line makes this poem even more effective to read for the readers making them pause, as Lippo is changing the tone of the poem. Also in this poem the monk mentions rats as he is trying to mock the watchmens with the use of metaphor. Browning uses metaphor as a figure of speech in line (9-11) informing the readers that he resembled the watchmens as rats. The monks speech used metaphor to explain his feelings towards them as he could not describe them in ordinary language. The use of onomatopoeia when the monk says weke, weke creates a harsh tone that the monk used to describe the watchmens voices. Onomatopoeia is often used in poems to create sound effects bringing the image to life. As he is referring them to rats, one of the watchmen grabs him by the throat as the monk informs the readers Your hand away thats fiddling on my throat to show that they were very aggressive. The monk tells them that before you take any action upon me, get to know me. He threatens the watchmens as he tells them he knows a master a Cosimo of the Medici. Cosimo of Medici was the rule of Florence, Italy, the monk uses his name so that the watchmens leave him alone as well as threatening them as he was well known in that area. As soon as the monk threatens the watchmens, he starts to show his power and authority over them making them look bad for being aggressive as he says Remember and tell me, the day youre hanged. Browning has also used archaic language in this poem to inform the readers about the period it what written in as he mentions Zooks throughout the poem which is not often used today. This poem is also written in conversation tone to capture the readers intention. Browning makes another use of metaphor as he says Are we pilchards that they sweep the streets and count fair prize what comes into their net? referring himself to a fish and the watchmen who are with him as fishermen and how they sweep the streets. A metaphor is used in this sentence to create a realistic image in the readers mind while describing his emotions and feelings that he has. Browning has also used enjambments in this poem to make the reader read the sentences in fast pace as well as creating a sense of motion as monk says Id like his face His, elbowing on his comrade in the door With the pike and the lantern, for the slaves that holds John Baptists head a-dangle by the hair With one hand And his weapon in the other, yet unwiped! The monk here is saying to one of the watchmens that he would like to draw him as a slave of John Baptist who was a Christian leader. Browning in this entire poem has used a lot of alliteration, enjambments and the used of metaphors to create a deeper meaning of this poem. Throughout the poem the readers see that although the monk is meant to commit himself to God, he is walking in the streets at midnight drinking and visiting the sportive ladies. Many of Browning poems show his deep religiosity and strong optimistic feelings such as the Patriot as well as this poem when the monk says Lord, I am not angry.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 26

Assignment Example wis Mandell, American consumers feel much secured about their life after retirement because of Social Security, therefore, they believe that nothing bad can happen to them (Gardner). 3) Economic conditions are also contributing to the American’s cut way back on savings. For example, the high rate of unemployment and decline in average earnings of consumers during the previous few years along with the increase in housing, education and healthcare costs have increased the financial stress on Americans, thereby, making it difficult to fulfill their basic needs. 4) Consumers are getting more materialistic and they do not consider the difference between ‘need’ and ‘want’ and it is evident from the fact that they want to have latest cell phone, iPods, fast cars etc. Generally, when a person earns bonus, he is more likely to think how to spend it rather than thinking about how much they can earn in future by savings and

Franchise law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Franchise law - Essay Example Therefore, each of the renewal terms raised by Joe must be examined in terms of whether or not, the proposed conditions and terms constitute good faith and fair dealing grounds for refusing renewal of the expiring franchise contract. In general, Joe takes issue with the requirement to purchase meat and cheese from Hoagie Land in Philadelphia when it is more convenient for him to purchase the same from Hoagie Land in New York, the payment of what Joe considers an excessive legal fee, the payment of a renewal fee, the installation of a point of sales systems, adoption of a new sign and remodelling. The question for consideration is whether or not each of these terms and conditions can be characterized as inconsistent with the concept of fair dealing and good faith. The concept of fair dealing and good faith was considered in the case of Payne v McDonald’s Corp. In this case, the franchisor’s renewal was conditional upon the franchisee’s consent to rebuild the resta urant. The court held however, that the requirement for rebuilding was not inconsistent with the concept of good faith and fair dealing (Payne v McDonald’s Corp.). However, the facts of Joe’s case can be distinguished from the facts of Payne v McDonald’s Corp. ... The ruled in Payne that since there was no express right to renewal, the franchisor was not under a duty to renew the franchise and in deciding to do so could condition renewal on requirements that suited its business ends (Payne v McDonald’s Corp.). Some guidance is found in the case of Bresler’s 33 Flavors Franchising Corp. v Woksin. In the case, the court ruled that in order to satisfy a claim that a refusal to renew on terms and conditions that were inconsistent with the concept of fair dealing and good faith, the claimant must show that the terms and conditions were only applied to the claimant and not to any other franchisor. Specifically, when the renewal term was for remodelling, the claimant must also show that to the satisfaction of the court that remodelling would have a negative impact on profitability (Bresler’s 33 Flavors Franchising Corp. v Woksin). I would therefore advise Joe to provide as much evidence as possible demonstrating that remodelling would negatively impact profitability and that purchasing meat and cheese from Philadelphia rather than from New York would negatively impact profitability. In looking at the requirement to purchase meat from Philadelphia as opposed to New York, it is unlikely that Joe can excise this term as it appears to be applicable to all franchisees and is stated to be for quality control and for economies of scale. To begin with, it may be argued that purchasing from the Philadelphia suppliers may be more convenient for Joe since his restaurant is located in Cherry Hill, New Jersey which is nearer to Philadelphia than it is to New York. Moreover, the requirement to purchase meat and cheese from the Philadelphia supplier applies to all franchisees and does not discriminate

Directing Act II - the balcony scene of Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

Directing Act II the balcony scene of Romeo and Juliet Essay Romeo and Juliet was originally a play written by William Shakespeare, who was a talented and popular playwright in the sixteenth and early seventeenth century. As there was no cinematography in his time, his plays were performed in theatres.  As I am directing Act II the balcony scene of Romeo and Juliet, I have many advantages. In this day and age, we have the latest equipment and techniques for filmmaking. As a director I have to consider many technical factors such as camera angle, lights, effects, props and costumes. I am not going to muddle with the story line, but will make some changes, which will differentiate my scene from the original. To present a good performance, I will have to take some imperative factors into account. Such as the place the scene has in the overall structure of the play, historical background, the setting, development of character, themes and the use of language. Let me begin by describing the place the scene has in the overall play. Originally before Act II in Act I, we are introduced to the feuding families of the Montague and the Capulets. We learn that Romeo a youth, who is in despair with his unsuccessful love for a girl Rosanline, is the Montagues son. Eventually Romeo is persuaded by his friend Benvolio and Mercutio to go uninvited to a Capulet ball. There he meets Juliet who is the Capulets daughter and falls in love with her at first sight. The events in Act II describe what follows with this new love story. This scene infact is the turning point of the play. The plot begins to thicken from this scene on. I have decided that I will stick to the basic story line and begin my film with similar events. The next factor I have to consider is the historical background. Originally the story is based in Verona, Italy. Verona is a city-state, which is governed by a prince, such as present day boroughs and counties administered. In Verona there are two very powerful and wealthy families the Capulets and the Montagues. They have an ancient family feud between them of blood loss and killing. They are like cats and dogs always quarrelling with each other. My film will be based in Delhi, India. This is a huge district and is under the control of the commissioner of police. In Delhi there are two very powerful and rich industrialists who have a long aged feud between them. They would try to cause harm to each other at any cost. The setting is the factor, which will differentiate my scene from the original. As I have set my play in India. I will also set it in the modern era unlike the original, which was set in the seventeenth century. I will use modern day spoken English and not the original Shakespeare English. Modern day clothes will be worn, modern day props and environment will be used. I will have to keep factors such as camera angle, lights and effects in mind throughout the shoot of the scene. The set will be a massive mansion, which will be the Capulets house. This will just be a part of the house where Juliets balcony projects out. There will also be projections out of the wall where flowerpots will be kept and there will be creepers on the wall. This will eventually help Romeo to climb up to Juliets balcony. The filming of the scene takes place in the same manner as it took place in the original play. The shoot will take place at dawn, so that the dialogues correspond. The scene takes place like this; Romeo jumps over a wall and finds himself in a compound, which has a garden. He finds no one as it is early morning but sees the lights in Juliets room switched on. He tries to climb up to the balcony when suddenly Juliet appears. He remains quiet and listens to what Juliet is saying to herself. As Juliet is leaning on the balcony Romeo breaks his silence. Then both them become engaged in a romantic conversation. Then suddenly the nurse interrupts them. Juliet then becomes worried and excited tries to complete the conversation hastily. Eventually the they exchange vows and Romeo cautiously sneaks out of the Capulets mansion. The next factor is the development of character. As a director this is a factor I will have to stress upon in order to make my performance an attractive and successful one. In Act II The Balcony Scene there are many changes in the character of Romeo and Juliet. Basing my scene on the original, I will use the original lines to signify the change in character. Romeo at the beginning of the scene is immature and foolish. After seeing Juliet at the ball and falling in love at first sight, he tries to encroach into the Capulets house to meet Juliet. This was foolish of him as he was walking into a pit. Then when he is spying on Juliet, he expresses his feeling for Juliet to himself. He is idealistic about Juliet, for example It is the east and Juliet is the sun! Then eventually he becomes romantic and poetic, for example It is my lady, O it is my love! and The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars, As daylight doth a lamp and Her eyes in heaven, Would through the airy region stream so bright, That birds would sing and think it were not night. He is very elaborative in his views about Juliet, such as O speak again bright angel, for thou art. When Romeo meets Juliet he carries on the conversation delivering his dialogues in his poetic, romantic and idealistic way. At a point in the scene Romeo even wishes for physical desire. For example O wilt thou leave me so unsatisdfied?Eventually at the end of the scene he becomes mature and plain in his expressions. For example By the hour of nine, he says this when Juliet asks him what time they should get married. Overall Romeos character is unbalanced and not focused. He is immature in his approach and gradually matures by the end of the scene. Most of the time he expresses his love for Juliet in an idealistic, poetic and romantic way. He likes to flirt and tries to touch the sentiments of Juliet. On the other hand Juliet is a person who is mature in her views. From the beginning till the end of the balcony scene she remains sober and focused about her views and expression. Her character remains being practical and down to earth. She shows passion towards Romeo at all times but with control emotions and feelings. In the beginning of the play she sardonically refers to Romeos and her selfs parents acting as wall between their love. For example Deny thy father and refuse thy name. Or if thou wilt not be but sworn my love; And Ill no longer be a Capulet. She also goes on describing the significance of their names in their love affair, for example Tis but thy name that is my enemy: Thou art thyself, though not a Montague. When Romeo breaks his silence and when they meet, Juliet becomes puzzled and curious about his presence, but she is also pleased within as for the effort he made to come. She refers by saying How camst thou hither, tell me, and wherefore; The orchard walls are high and hard to climb, And the place death, considering who thou art. As the scene progresses Juliets character remains as same, being practical and focused about her views. She replies to Romeos elaborated comments with control emotion and lucidness. For example O swear not by the moon, thinconstant moon, That monthly changes in her circled orb, Lest that thy love prove likewise variable.

Direct :: Computer Science

Direct Direct input methods. In this report I am going to explain the different direct input methods starting off with bar codes. A single barcode number is actually seven units. A unit is either black or white. A unit that is black would display as a "bar". A unit that is white would display as a "space". Another way of writing a barcode unit is "1" for a single unit "black bar" and "0" for a single unit "white space". For instance, the number "1" is composed of the seven units, "0011001" or "space-space-bar-bar-space-space-bar". Remember, a single barcode number requires seven units. Also, on a UPC barcode the same numbers on the left-hand side (the Manufacturer Code) is coded different than the numbers on the right-hand side (Product Code). The left side numbers are actually the "inverted" or "mirrored" codes of the right side numbers, for instance what is a "bar" on the right-side, is a "space" on the left-side. The right-side codes are called "even parity" codes because there is an even number of "black bar" units. For instance the right-side "6" is "101000" - 2 even-numbered "black bar" units. The left-side is called "odd-parity" because there is an odd number of "black bar" units. For instance, the left-side "6" is "0101111" - 5 odd-numbered "black bar" units. Having different coded numbers for each side allows the barcode to be scanned in either direction. Direct input methods. In the second part of my report on direct input methods I am going to be talking about magnetic stripe readers. A magnetic stripe reader, also called a magstripe reader, is a hardware device that reads the information encoded in the magnetic stripe located on the back of a plastic badge. Magnetic stripe readers can be read by a computer program through a serial port, USB connection, or keyboard wedge, and are generally categorized by the way they read a badge. For instance, insertion readers require that the badge be inserted into the reader and then pulled out. Swipe readers require that the badge pass completely through the reader. The magnetic stripe on the back of a badge is composed of iron-based magnetic particles encased in plastic-like tape. Each magnetic particle in the stripe is a tiny bar magnet about 20-millionths of an inch long. When all the bar magnets are polarized in the same direction, the magnetic stripe is blank. Information is written on the stripe by magnetizing the tiny bars in either a north or south pole direction with a special electromagnetic writer, called an encoder. The writing process, called flux reversal, causes a change in the magnetic field that can be detected by the magnetic stripe reader.

Consultancy Report Essay

As a subsidiary of one of the largest cosmetics organizations in the world, you are in a position to dramatically increase your potential and further capitalize on your brands recognition. My hope is that you will establish and maintain a broader, more diverse customer base and increase your overall profitability. Based on an in-depth analysis and research conducted on your organizations behalf, I have identified several problematic areas in need of immediate attention. The following document will serve to provide valuable information to address these issues accordingly. One such issue and perhaps one of the most crucial is that of the organization’s brand awareness levels in the United Kingdom. This is due in part to the fact that Mary Kay U.K. is not as widely recognized in the United Kingdom as it is in the Americas. I recommend increasing your presence to reach potential customers who would otherwise be unaware of your organization. We will seek to address the significant growth of new potential competitors while developing a means of competing effectively against already established competitors. You will learn of new methods in which to remain relevant and a viable global contender in the cosmetics industry. New products will serve to provide your organization with a competitive edge and differentiate your organization from all its competitors. New policies and changes in the organization’s infrastructure will increase employee satisfaction an important factor for employee retention. These enhancements to the organization’s current dealings can ultimately increase profitability, improve customer satisfaction levels, and increase employee productivity. As Mary Kay U.K. adopts these changes and once in effect, there will be a need to take on additional employees to tend to the day-to-day operations and supplementary qualified/experienced executive-level professionals, allowing for a more focused approach on the management aspects of the organization. Effective documentation of the organization’s financials will allow for more educated and informed decision-making procedures. Adequate fiscal records serve as effective management tool for predicting future success, identify problem areas and to make decisions that will assist in the organization’s overall effectiveness. In addition to significantly changing the inner workings of the organization in the United Kingdom, substantial changes to the organizations image and frontend interfaces may be required to assist with the issue of brand awareness. The organization must become a well-oiled machine internally as well as an aesthetically pleasing entity for potential customers, future investors and for those considering strategic business alliances. Creating a more convivial atmosphere with which your organization would then be associated will give these interested parties a respectable first impression. It is apparent that lacking presentation and unfocused management gives rise to the decrease or stagnation of profitability and employee retention. Changes to policy, organizational image, and infrastructure will not only prove beneficial but may in fact be necessary for the success of the organization and its future viability within the United Kingdom. In addition, there must be changes in customer behavior to increase the probability of the organization’s adoption. The organization needs to appeal to a broader customer base after shifting consumer views of cosmetics to match that of American consumers. Thus, by implementing novel, eye-catching, and feeling invoking imagery or advertisements, people will in turn be more inclined to purchase Mary Kay products. In order to be more successful, I recommend the transformation of current marketing strategies. Implementation of a marketing plan that encompasses the arguably successful word-of-mouth strategy in addition to overt and persistent adverts by way of social media will benefit the organization’s image. Because a constant stream of information pertaining to the actual products will allow the consumer to easily recall the information and develop a need for the product as presented by the advertisement. In addition, there must be a vested interest in appealing to the variety of potential consumers within the United Kingdom. Mary Kay U.K. would be wise to capitalize on United Kingdom’s ever-growing and diverse population, via the translation and representation of the multitude of languages spoken within the target areas of operation. This will allow for a more comfortable customer experience and personalized identification with the Mary Kay brand. Brand Awareness is at an all-time low as target populations fail to recognize the Mary Kay Brand. The organization must increase its visibility in the growing cosmetics market in the United Kingdom. This is possible with improved advertising and re-imagined brand association. Increased brand recognition will assist with declining profits. The proposals presented in this consultancy report, should Mary Kay U.K. opt to adopt them will serve to promote the organization’s business aptitude and increase overall profitability and effectiveness. My hope is that this educated and informed counsel will effectively navigate the organization into a state of increased viability and the optimization and growth of Mary Kay U.K. business operations and clientele. INTRODUCTION This consultancy report will serve to provide the Mary Kay U.K. Ltd. Subsidiary of Mary Kay Cosmetics with informed suggestions to increase the organization’s revenues and improving the day-to-day dealings of the organization from a management perspective. Following extensive research of the organization’s operations, I have prepared a comprehensive examination of the organization in its entirety. This research has been comprised of a thorough analysis of the organization’s fiscal and promotion facets. This report also takes into account the consumer aspect of the organization, and the organization’s image as viewed by the public. In addition, it will serve to demonstrate the manner in which the target audience does or fails to accept this image. Crucial organizational issues have been identified and addressed accordingly, supplemented with recommendations for minimizing or eliminating potentially negative effects. These suggestions may prove insightful for the achievement of further profitability and consumer satisfaction should the organization choose to implement any or all of the changes proposed in this report. The information provided in this report comes via thorough research and analytical dismantling of data and industry trends and its reassembling in the form of a well-formulated business plan. Suggestions provided will seek to address Mary Kay U.K.’s organizational structure, the organization’s inclination to incorporate a corporate social responsibility element, consumer satisfaction, employee turn-over rates, decreasing or non-existent profits, brand recognition and awareness among target consumers and product quality, to name the most imperative of organization’s issues. In all, if implemented, these changes could ensure a significant turnaround for the Mary Kay U.K. entity. Numbers will rise to the status of or potentially rival those of its American contemporary. The organization would hold a strong position before its global competitors and open the door for future business strategic affiliations. The organizational redesign will prove beneficial for Mary Kay’s United Kingdom division as an organization, for the consumers now receiving increased quality services, and for the leveling of the cosmetics industry in the United Kingdom. ANALYSIS OF CLIENT BUSINESS Company Description and History Mary Kay Inc. is one of the largest cosmetics companies in the world to date. Headquartered in Addison, Texas at 16251 Dallas Parkway Addison, TX 75001 in the United States, it has manufacturing plants located in Dallas, Texas, Hangzhou, China and La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland for its European market. Mary Kay Inc. operates as a subsidiary of Mary Kay Holding Corporation. Founded by Mary Kay Ash in 1963 and based on personally established values that guided her everyday life she sought to help women live the life of their dreams. Company values include integrity, honesty and a belief in the Golden Rule; â€Å"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.† The mission, to assist and provide the vehicle that would allow prospective independent beauty consultants to have their respective dreams come true via the distribution, promotion, and retailing of a handful of products. Mary Kay Inc. identifies itself as a â€Å"Generation Everything† organization, meaning it serves everyone from all walks of life and of all ages. The organization recently posted that its revenues are up to 3 billion due to sales in its 35 + markets globally. All made possible by its 25 million global independent sales force.